First-order logic is the standard for the formalization of mathematics into axioms, and is studied in the foundations of mathematics. Peano arithmetic and Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory are axiomatizations …

A lesser known quadratic formula, as used in Muller's method, provides the same roots via the equation This can be deduced from the standard quadratic formula by Vieta's formulas, which assert that the …

This expression ties together arguably the five most important mathematical constants (e, i, π, 1, and 0) with the two most common mathematical symbols (+, =). Euler's identity is a special case of Euler's …

Number theory is the branch of mathematics that studies integers and their properties and relations. [2] The integers comprise a set that extends the set of natural numbers to include number and the …

Ancient Greek mathematics refers to the history of mathematical ideas and texts in Ancient Greece during classical and late antiquity, mostly from the 5th century BC to the 6th century AD. [1][2] Greek …

The history of mathematical notation[1] covers the introduction, development, and cultural diffusion of mathematical symbols and the conflicts between notational methods that arise during a notation's …

Portrait of Cardano on display at the School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews Gerolamo Cardano was the first European mathematician to make systematic use of negative …