Launching weapons from within their territory forces adversaries to look not only outward but also inside for threats, one expert said.

Russia is prepared to continue to work to resolve issues surrounding Iran's nuclear programme, the Russian Foreign Ministry said in a statement.

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy says rising global oil prices following Israeli strikes on Iran will strengthen Russia by increasing its oil revenues, aiding its war effort in Ukraine.

Donald Trump wrote on his social media platform Truth Social, "President Putin called this morning to very nicely wish me a Happy Birthday, but to more importantly, talk about Iran, a country he knows very well.

Israeli emergency services have said at least two people were killed in the strikes and dozens of people are injured.

Israel pinpointed Iranian commanders in their homes and killed them, some with drone strikes launched from inside Iran — an echo of what Ukraine recently achieved inside Russia. How far the nuclear programme has been set back won’t be clear for a while.