Landau an der Isar, Kempten and Pfarrkirchen – these small towns may be unfamiliar to English, and indeed many German, ears. But they could determine the future migration policy of Europe. Who comes out top in a mere handful of constituencies in rural Bavaria in the German general election tomorrow will decide whether the next Berlin government will be serious about controlling immigration.

Euro zone PMIs are expected to show a further expansion in growth, helped by a pick up in services and an easing of the long-running downturn in manufacturing. The focus in U.S. figures will be whether the manufacturing sector's recent rebound into expansion is being sustained.

Concern is growing over the far-right Alternative for Germany party’s rise ahead of the German election. Its U.S. supporters include Elon Musk and JD Vance.