Pain at the base of the skull is a main symptom of VAD. The pain usually happens suddenly and is severe. Other symptoms may include dizziness, difficulty swallowing, and poor muscle control.

People with Chiari malformations have a skull shape similar to Neanderthals, suggesting that the condition may be caused by ...

For skull base fractures or suspected incomplete fractures in neonates more advanced imaging like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or high-resolution CT may be necessary [3] [5].