Carbon nanotube field emitters are at present the brightest available electron sources but must operate at low currents to avoid Coulomb expansion and are therefore not suitable for ultrafast imaging.

The experience gained during decades of irradiation studies tells us that bombardment of solids with energetic particles creates defects and thus deteriorates the materials. Indeed, the first ...

The red color denotes that the occurrence probability of valence electrons is 100 percent, the blue color means that no electrons exist in the area, and the green color means free electron-gas ...

The distribution of outermost shell electrons, known as valence electrons, of organic molecules was experimentally observed for the first time by a team led by Nagoya University in Japan. As the ...

Gear-obsessed editors choose every product we review. We may earn commission if you buy from a link. Why Trust Us? Scientists have set up and observed a single electron bond between two carbon ...

Mrs Roberts: What do you think you're made of? Mr Spellman: Big question. Grit, determination, hard-working, handsome, charming, funny. Mrs Roberts: Well, I guess. But you're actually made of atoms.

The distribution of outermost shell electrons, known as valence electrons, of organic molecules was observed for the first time. As the interactions between atoms are governed by the valence electrons ...