Open-ended, community based, and collaborative, “esolangs” serve as a reminder that digital art has other histories and other futures. Matthias Lutter, “helloworld-pietbig.gif.” This is a Piet program ...

Overview Python, JavaScript, SQL, and Kotlin remain essential as demand for AI, data, and web development grows.TypeScript, ...

What are the first steps when using multiple programming languages? What are the final steps needed with applications written in multiple languages? In Part 2 of this series, MathWorks' Heather Gorr ...

Programming languages are evolving to bring the software closer to hardware. As hardware architectures become more parallel (with the advent of multicore processors and FPGAs, for example), sequential ...

Four key concepts are essential for understanding Clojure’s functional programming paradigm. Here’s how to apply what you ...

Although quantum computers exist only in theory it does not stop researchers from making educated guesses about their future architecture–and more importantly the interface to interact with them. As a ...

The 5 most obscure programming languages are truly a sight to behold. Curated by a twisted mind, an artisan of programming language design or someone so bored out of their head that they transcend the ...

Many computer programmers know multiple languages. The range of programming languages is wide, with some languages used in specific contexts, but some more general. For example, Java can implement ...

Biological engineers have created a programming language that allows them to rapidly design complex, DNA-encoded circuits that give new functions to living cells. MIT biological engineers have created ...