Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...

As the number of higher-throughput applications grows, so does the need for a wider bandwidth and network coverage in wireless systems. Given limited spectrum allocation, wireless communication ...

Due to efficiency, quality, and cost, digital communications systems play a major role in telecommunications, especially wireless services. With most digital modulation schemes represented as in-phase ...