In the last Circuit VR we looked at some basic op amp circuits in a simulator, including the non-inverting amplifier. Sometimes you want an amplifier that inverts the signal. That is a 5V input ...

Many industrial and medical applications use instrumentation amplifiers (INA) to condition small signals in the presence of large common-mode voltages and DC potentials. The three op amp INA ...

In this chapter, I will present a few useful “cookbook” applications for real-time control circuits designed to perform some specific low-level task and interface with a master controller for ...

In the microcontroller era today, Arduino is more than just a tool to accomplish hobby tasks. There is actually a close relationship between microcontroller technology and home security, since you can ...

A look at the design of traditional ADC front ends. How to simplify the input drive of CTSD ADCs. Simplifying reference and reference-drive designs. In this article, we will use the terms “sensor” or ...

Operating with an input range from 8 to 450 Vdc the HV7800 high-side current sensor works with dc-power systems of 12V, 24V, and 48V and off-line ac systems of 85V to 265V. The IC operates by sensing ...