Bayesian optimization (BO) can help determine the optimal deposition conditions for high-performance passivation films in solar cells. However, simple implementations tend to suggest excessively thick ...

Mass spectrometry, by contrast, is a powerful technique for the analysis of any process gas. Careful consideration of differences in pressure, reaction time scales and process flow is essential for ...

Plasma etching is perhaps the most essential process in semiconductor manufacturing, and possibly the most complex of all fab operations next to photolithography. Nearly half of all fab steps rely on ...